[CS] 옵저버 패턴

옵저버 패턴

옵저버패턴이란 주체가 어떤 객체(subject)의 상태 변화를 관찰하다가 상태 변화가 있을 때마다 메서드 등을 통해 옵저버 목록에 있는 옵저버들에게 변화를 알려 주는 디자인 패턴
트위터의 메인 로직, MVC 패턴에도 적용

 

import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;

interface Subject {
    public void register(Observer obj);
    public void unregister(Observer obj);
    public void notifyObservers();
    public Object getUpdate(Observer obj);
}

interface Observer {
    public void update(); 
}

class Topic implements Subject {
    private List<Observer> observers;
    private String message; 

    public Topic() {
        this.observers = new ArrayList<>();
        this.message = "";
    }

    @Override
    public void register(Observer obj) {
        if (!observers.contains(obj)) observers.add(obj); 
    }

    @Override
    public void unregister(Observer obj) {
        observers.remove(obj); 
    }

    @Override
    public void notifyObservers() {   
        this.observers.forEach(Observer::update); 
    }

    @Override
    public Object getUpdate(Observer obj) {
        return this.message;
    } 
    
    public void postMessage(String msg) {
        System.out.println("Message sended to Topic: " + msg);
        this.message = msg; 
        notifyObservers();
    }
}

class TopicSubscriber implements Observer {
    private String name;
    private Subject topic;

    public TopicSubscriber(String name, Subject topic) {
        this.name = name;
        this.topic = topic;
    }

    @Override
    public void update() {
        String msg = (String) topic.getUpdate(this); 
        System.out.println(name + ":: got message >> " + msg); 
    } 
}

public class HelloWorld { 
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        Topic topic = new Topic(); 
        Observer a = new TopicSubscriber("a", topic);
        Observer b = new TopicSubscriber("b", topic);
        Observer c = new TopicSubscriber("c", topic);
        topic.register(a);
        topic.register(b);
        topic.register(c); 
   
        topic.postMessage("amumu is op champion!!"); 
    }
}
/*
Message sended to Topic: amumu is op champion!!
a:: got message >> amumu is op champion!!
b:: got message >> amumu is op champion!!
c:: got message >> amumu is op champion!!
*/

 

* 참고

- CS 지식의 정석 | 디자인패턴 네트워크 운영체제 데이터베이스 자료구조 -인프런